Diatrizoic acid

Diatrizoic acid
IUPAC name 3,5-bis(acetylamino)-2,4,6-triiodo-benzoic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	737-31-5
PubChem	2140
ChemSpider	2055
SMILES	CC(=O)NC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1I)C(=O)O)I)NC(=O)C)I
Properties
Molecular formula	C11H9I3N2O4
Molar mass	613.91 g mol−1
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Diatrizoic acid (or its anionic form, Diatrizoate), also known as amidotrizoic acid, or 3,5-Diacetamido-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid, is a radiocontrast agent containing iodine.

Diatrizoate is considered a high-osmolality contrast agent. Its osmolality ranges from approximately 1500 mOsm/kg (50% solution)^[1] to over 2000 mOsm/kg (76% solution).^[2] Because it is a hypertonic solution, it should be avoided in imaging studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients who are at risk of aspiration, as it will cause prompt pulmonary edema if accidentally introduced into the tracheobronchial tree.

Indications

Diatrizoic acid may be used as an alternative to barium sulfate for medical imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. It is indicated for use in patients who are allergic to barium, or in cases where the barium might leak into the abdominal cavity. It does not coat the stomach/bowel lining as well as barium, thus it is not used commonly for this purpose.

It is also used to kill tapeworms.

Administration

• It is given intravenously (under brand name Hypaque, GE Healthcare) to enhance contrast in computed tomography, to image the kidneys and related structures, and to image blood vessels.
• It is given orally or by enema (Gastrografin, Gastrovist, Gastrovision, MD-Gastroview) to image the gastrointestinal tract. The taste is foul, even when mixed and diluted with fruit juice.
• It is given by Foley catheter (Cystografin) to image the urinary tract

Contraindications

A history of sensitivity to iodine is not a contraindication to using diatrizoate, although it suggests caution in use of the agent. In this case, an alternative such as barium sulfate may be preferable.

References

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